{"id":335,"date":"2024-03-20T08:49:46","date_gmt":"2024-03-20T08:49:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/?p=335"},"modified":"2024-03-21T06:32:29","modified_gmt":"2024-03-21T06:32:29","slug":"china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/","title":{"rendered":"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

After Xi Jinping\u2019s rise, one of the most important departures in Chinese foreign policy towards Nepal is the idea of policy exchange. This idea of policy exchange goes much beyond exchange visits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Through policy exchange, China wants to actively encourage Nepal to adopt models of governance and development that can align with foreign policy interests of China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The idea of China pushing models of governance and development is not new and is much talked about in different parts of Asia and Africa. However, this is something new for Nepal and there is little understanding in Nepal of how it works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What does China mean by strategic communications?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let\u2019s start with Chinese President Xi Jinping\u2019s visit to Nepal in October 2019. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A day prior to his visit, President Xi Jinping published a signed article in major Nepali media outlets<\/a> where he outlined four key strategies in China\u2019s relations with Nepal. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The four strategies are: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Deepen strategic communication<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Broaden practical cooperation<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Expand people-to-people exchanges, and <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Enhance security cooperation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    The first point, \u201cdeepen strategic communication,\u201d helps us understand Xi Jinping\u2019s vision. He said Nepal and China needed to adopt \u201ca strategic and long-term perspective and draw up a blueprint for our bilateral relationship to take it to a new height in this new era.\u201d He wrote: \u201cWe need to maintain high-level exchanges, enhance political mutual trust, and continue to render mutual support on issues concerning each other\u2019s core interests.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Most importantly, regarding policy exchanges, he wrote, \u201cWe may also have more exchanges and experience sharing on governance and development to deliver greater benefits to our two peoples.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    We can infer from this statement that the idea of policy exchange has to do with governance and development. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The joint statement<\/a> issued after his visit also reflected on this aspect. The fourth point of the joint statement said:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201cBoth sides underlined that high-level contacts are of special importance to the development of bilateral relations. The two sides agreed to maintain the momentum of high-level visits, deepen political mutual trust and expand exchanges and cooperation between government ministries, departments, legislatures and political parties at all levels.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Here, we can infer that the idea of policy exchanges in relation to governance and development has been rephrased to suit the Nepali side.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The key point here is that the idea of strategic communication is intended to influence Nepal\u2019s governance and development process. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The idea of policy exchanges is reflected in Article II of the BRI MoU under areas of cooperation. Policy exchange, in this instance, is to \u201ccarry out dialogues and exchanges in areas of major development strategies, plans and policies.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The idea is elaborated in Article III to include cooperation modalities like information and knowledge sharing, but the options are open. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The joint press statement issued during Prachanda\u2019s visit to China in September 2023 also elaborated on the idea of policy exchanges. The joint statement said, \u201cThe two sides will maintain the momentum of high-level exchanges, deepen political mutual trust, and expand exchanges and cooperation at all levels between the two countries.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Xi Jinping\u2019s psychological and ideological inclinations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    In order to understand this claim, we have to explore Chinese President Xi Jinping\u2019s psychological and ideological inclinations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A former Australian PM, Kevin Rudd has written an insightful piece in the November\/December issue of Foreign Affairs magazine<\/a>. The crux of his argument is that Marxist Leninist ideology combined with nationalism can explain China\u2019s politics, economics and foreign policy behaviour much more than realism or liberalism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    For example, the idea of dialectical materialism understands the world and society in terms of internal contradictions, and historical materialism as class struggle. In practical terms, it can mean the struggle between the Chinese Communist Party and reactionary forces both at home and abroad. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Here in Nepal, we can feel the impact of his Marxist Leninist ideology as well as nationalist foreign policy, which aims to become the preeminent power in Asia and the Globe by 2049. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Xi believes that ideological decay can lead to the collapse of CCP and China. Maybe he sees the same kind of struggle being played out in Nepal. It could be one of the reasons why China\u2019s CCP is so interested in strengthening and uniting communist movement in Nepal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    For example, China has stood firm in its border conflict with India, and border policy with Nepal. It is clear that Nepal\u2019s policy in the last few years has offended Beijing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Recent narratives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    China\u2019s interest in policy exchange to influence Nepal\u2019s governance and development model is not a one off. It constantly repeats in the statements of Chinese leaders and officials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    When Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi visited Nepal in March 2022, he told Xinhua that China supports Nepal in three key aspects.  The first was that \u201cChina will support Nepal in finding a development path<\/strong> suited to its national conditions\u201d and that \u201cChina’s friendly policy\u201d was \u201copen to all parties and party factions, and the people of Nepal.\u201d He said China \u201cencourages all parties and party factions in Nepal to jointly explore a governance model<\/strong> that is conducive to promoting political stability, economic growth and people’s livelihood.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Second, he said \u201cChina supports Nepal in pursuing independent domestic and foreign policies<\/strong>.\u201d This is a clear hint that China wants Nepal to free itself from the influence of India and the US and play a bigger role in the region. Third, he said \u201cChina supports Nepal in furthering participation in the Belt and Road Initiative<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    We can interpret his statement as the definition of policy exchange or strategic communication. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    First, urging all parties to find a development path suited to Nepal\u2019s national conditions, is synonymous with adopting Chinese models of governance and development. Second, supporting \u201cNepal in pursuing independent domestic and foreign policies\u201d means weaning Nepal away from Indian and western influence, seen by Xi Jinping as reactionary forces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    And, Third, China wants Nepal\u2019s further participation in BRI, which means closer integration with China.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    China\u2019s interest in Nepal\u2019s governance was further reflected during the visit of Li Zhanshu, the head of the Standing Committee of the Chinese National People\u2019s Congress. A joint statement<\/a> said, the two sides will \u201cgive importance to exchange of information related to each other’s legislative, supervisory and governance practices.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    China\u2019s rise has meant that many countries in Asia and Africa are beginning to adopt Chinese models of development and governance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    For example, in Africa<\/a>, Chinese foreign policy is expected to enlist African support for \u201creshaping global institutions and validating China\u2019s governance norms.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    A positive-sounding narrative<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Of course, China\u2019s policies towards Nepal can be seen in neutral terms and as aligned with Nepal\u2019s national interests. China has built a narrative that sounds positive as it talks about things like equality, development, political stability, friendship and common interests. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    However, analysis of China’s realist objectives and the broader context of Chinese foreign policy strategy shows that its policy is more closely aligned with Chinese interests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Chinese narratives resonate with the sentiments of Nepali people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    There are several reasons that can facilitate Chinese efforts to decouple models of governance and development from western ideals. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    First, is Nepal\u2019s ideological landscape and political polarisation. After Mao Zedong, China had more or less abandoned communist ideological principles. However, Xi Jinping has resurrected Marxist and Leninist ideals, which in turn, has great affinity with Nepal\u2019s own communist movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Second, corruption, impunity and flawed political culture is spreading the message that democracy is failing in Nepal. There is a tendency to blame the democratic system itself, rather than its practitioners, the politicians and the state.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Third, many Nepalese people believe that democracy is a hindrance to development and that in order to achieve big infrastructure and development projects, we need to bypass the democratic red-tape.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Fourth, there is already a widespread discontent with India and the West, which are seen as interfering in Nepal\u2019s internal affairs and promoting inclusion and human rights against the interests of a majority population.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Fifth, China is waiting to reclaim its lost space in Nepal. According to former ambassador of China to Nepal, Hou Yanqi<\/a>, there were two major factors responsible for the slowing down the \u201cpace of pragmatic cooperation\u201d in Nepal. The first was Covid 19 pandemic and the second, more important one, was \u201cchanges in the political situation in Nepal.\u201d Another major reason is geopolitical pressures from India and the west.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    My own feeling is that there is another factor, the role of leading bureaucrats, who are careful to weigh national interests against pressures from China. In my personal conversations with some of the bureaucrats, it appears that China has also realised that bureaucracy in Nepal has been a hurdle and they are seeking ways to increase their influence in the bureaucracy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    All of these factors, however, are slowly shifting and there is a possibility that, if governance continues to be a problem, a populist mass can revolt against the political establishment aligned with India and the west in the next decade.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Xi believes that ideological decay can lead to the collapse of CCP and China. Maybe he sees the same kind of struggle being played out in Nepal. It could be one of the reasons why China\u2019s CCP is so interested in strengthening and uniting communist movement in Nepal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":336,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"newspack_featured_image_position":"","newspack_post_subtitle":"","newspack_article_summary_title":"Overview:","newspack_article_summary":"","newspack_hide_updated_date":false,"newspack_show_updated_date":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[65,64,80],"class_list":["post-335","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-china","tag-nepal","tag-policy-exchange","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nChina and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Xi believes that ideological decay can lead to the collapse of CCP and China. Maybe he sees the same kind of struggle being played out in Nepal. It could be one of the reasons why China\u2019s CCP is so interested in strengthening and uniting communist movement in Nepal.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aheval\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-03-20T08:49:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-03-21T06:32:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1067\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ahevalnews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ahevalnews\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/dcdcb5ff730b5ff7be80d4f936b281a0\"},\"headline\":\"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-20T08:49:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-21T06:32:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1535,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"China\",\"Nepal\",\"Policy Exchange\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Opinion\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/\",\"name\":\"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal -\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-03-20T08:49:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-03-21T06:32:29+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg\",\"width\":1600,\"height\":1067},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/20\\\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Aheval.com\",\"description\":\"News That Matters\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Aheval\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/cropped-2024-03-07-11-05-30_EDIT.org_.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/03\\\/cropped-2024-03-07-11-05-30_EDIT.org_.png\",\"width\":918,\"height\":285,\"caption\":\"Aheval\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/aheval\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/ahevalnews\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/dcdcb5ff730b5ff7be80d4f936b281a0\",\"name\":\"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/3963b262a95ede7a0287fa877fea159e4716b2f1f6b2ab9cd3bd9836b2686988?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/3963b262a95ede7a0287fa877fea159e4716b2f1f6b2ab9cd3bd9836b2686988?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/3963b262a95ede7a0287fa877fea159e4716b2f1f6b2ab9cd3bd9836b2686988?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aheval.com\\\/index.php\\\/author\\\/ahadmin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal -","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal -","og_description":"Xi believes that ideological decay can lead to the collapse of CCP and China. Maybe he sees the same kind of struggle being played out in Nepal. It could be one of the reasons why China\u2019s CCP is so interested in strengthening and uniting communist movement in Nepal.","og_url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aheval","article_published_time":"2024-03-20T08:49:46+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-03-21T06:32:29+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1600,"height":1067,"url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@ahevalnews","twitter_site":"@ahevalnews","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/"},"author":{"name":"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#\/schema\/person\/dcdcb5ff730b5ff7be80d4f936b281a0"},"headline":"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal","datePublished":"2024-03-20T08:49:46+00:00","dateModified":"2024-03-21T06:32:29+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/"},"wordCount":1535,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg","keywords":["China","Nepal","Policy Exchange"],"articleSection":["Opinion"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/","url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/","name":"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal -","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg","datePublished":"2024-03-20T08:49:46+00:00","dateModified":"2024-03-21T06:32:29+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg","width":1600,"height":1067},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/2024\/03\/20\/china-and-the-underlying-logic-of-policy-exchanges-with-nepal\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"China and the Underlying Logic of \u201cPolicy Exchanges\u201d with Nepal"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/","name":"Aheval.com","description":"News That Matters","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#organization","name":"Aheval","url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/cropped-2024-03-07-11-05-30_EDIT.org_.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/cropped-2024-03-07-11-05-30_EDIT.org_.png","width":918,"height":285,"caption":"Aheval"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aheval","https:\/\/x.com\/ahevalnews"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/#\/schema\/person\/dcdcb5ff730b5ff7be80d4f936b281a0","name":"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3963b262a95ede7a0287fa877fea159e4716b2f1f6b2ab9cd3bd9836b2686988?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3963b262a95ede7a0287fa877fea159e4716b2f1f6b2ab9cd3bd9836b2686988?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3963b262a95ede7a0287fa877fea159e4716b2f1f6b2ab9cd3bd9836b2686988?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ajaya Bhadra Khanal"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/aheval.com"],"url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/author\/ahadmin\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/WhatsApp-Image-2024-03-20-at-14.32.11_d6b76134.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/335","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=335"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/335\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":374,"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/335\/revisions\/374"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/336"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aheval.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}